With the introduction of JEP 492, Java brings a new way to handle constructors, making them more flexible and intuitive. This enhancement allows developers to include statements before an explicit constructor invocation ( super() or this() ) — something that was previously forbidden. Let’s explore how this improves constructor behaviour, making code simpler and more maintainable. Old Behaviour In Java, constructors followed a rigid rule: the first statement in a constructor must be an explicit constructor invocation ( super() or this() ). If omitted, the compiler automatically added super() . This ensured that superclass constructors executed first, guaranteeing safe object initialisation. take an example where we want to validate arguments - Example: Argument Validation in Old Java public class PositiveBigInteger extends BigInteger { public PositiveBigInteger(long value) { super(value); // Must call super firs...

The Decorator Pattern is a powerful design pattern in the realm of software development, particularly useful when you need to add or alter behavior of objects dynamically at runtime without affecting the behavior of other objects from the same class. It promotes flexibility and extensibility in object-oriented design by emphasizing composition over inheritance. In this blog post, we'll delve into the Decorator Pattern, its components, and provide practical Java code examples to illustrate its usage. What is the Decorator Pattern? The Decorator Pattern is categorized under the structural design patterns. It allows behavior to be added to individual objects, either statically or dynamically, without affecting the behavior of other objects from the same class. This pattern is useful when you have a base object (or component) and want to add additional functionalities to it in a modular and flexible way. Key Participants in the Decorator Pattern Component : This is the base interf...

     Design patterns are crucial in software development as they provide proven solutions to common problems. One of the more complex but widely used design patterns is the Observer Pattern . This pattern is essential for scenarios where a state change in one object requires notifications to other dependent objects. What is the Observer Design Pattern? The Observer Pattern is a behavioral design pattern that allows an object (the subject) to notify a list of observer objects when its state changes. This pattern promotes loose coupling between objects, making your code more modular and easier to maintain. Key Concepts Subject : The object that holds the state and sends notifications to observers. Observer : The objects that need to be notified of changes in the subject. Common Use Cases Event handling systems. Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture. Real-time data streaming applications. Implementation of Observer Pattern Let’s walk through a step-by...

       In an era dominated by technological innovation, the adoption of open-source software has become a transformative force for individuals and organizations alike. Open-source software, characterized by its transparent source code accessible to anyone, presents a myriad of benefits that extend beyond mere cost savings. Let's delve deeper into the numerous advantages that come with embracing the world of open source. Cost Efficiency : Open-source software, such as Linux operating systems, Apache web servers, and MySQL databases, is, in essence, free to use. This eliminates the hefty licensing fees associated with proprietary alternatives, making it an attractive option for those looking to optimize their budgets. Whether you're an individual user or a large enterprise, the cost efficiency of open-source solutions can significantly impact your bottom line. Community-Driven Innovation:  One of the hallmarks of open source is the collaborative nature of its deve...

       Located in Kolkata, West Bengal, Jadavpur University is one of the top ranked universities in India. It has a reputation for academic excellence and its Department of Computer Science and Engineering is particularly well regarded. If you are thinking of studying BE in Computer Science at Jadavpur University, you might be wondering if it is the right choice for you. In this post, we'll explore some of the factors you should consider before making your decision.  Academic Reputation: Jadavpur University is known for its academic excellence, especially in the field of Computer Science. The Department of Computer Science and Computing is one of the most respected in the country and its faculty members are experienced researchers and educators. If you are looking for a rigorous academic program that will challenge you and give you a strong foundation in computer science, Jadavpur University is an excellent choice. Course Syllabus: The BE in Computer Science pr...

Scroll Down to get Link .... Landing a software engineering job at a multinational corporation (MNC) can be a competitive process, but with the right skills and approach, you can increase your chances of success. Here are some tips for landing a software engineer job at an MNC: Build a strong technical foundation: MNCs are looking for software engineers who have a solid foundation in computer science and software engineering concepts. To build this foundation, you should have a strong understanding of programming languages, data structures, algorithms, and software development methodologies. Stay up-to-date with industry trends: The software engineering industry is constantly evolving, so it is important to stay informed about the latest trends and technologies. This can include attending industry events, participating in online communities, and following influencers and thought leaders in the field. Gain practical experience: MNCs value hands-on experience, so it's impo...

     The rapid pace of technological change has created a debate about whether artificial intelligence (AI) will replace human developers. As AI technology continues to evolve, the question of whether it will eventually replace human developers is a hot topic among tech experts as well as the general public.      On the one hand, some believe that AI can replace human developers. AI is becoming a powerful tool for software development. It can be used for tasks such as automating code, writing and refactoring code, and fixing bugs.      AI software development tools are being used by major companies such as Microsoft, Google and IBM, proving that AI can do many tasks traditionally done by human developers.      On the other hand, many believe that AI will never replace human developers. AI is still in its infancy and does not yet have the capability to solve complex problems. He is also unable to think beyond his own programming...

     Great question! When it comes to practicing Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA), there's a plethora of websites to choose from. In the Indian context, GeeksForGeeks and Leetcode stand out as the most popular choices among undergraduate Computer Science students (and even those from other departments who are quickly catching on) for honing their DSA skills.      Whether you're a first-year student or just diving into coding during college, you've probably encountered the ubiquitous term 'DSA' and its significance in securing jobs within the IT industry. You might have seen numerous YouTube ads promoting live and 'free!!!' webinars, and there's a wealth of learning resources available on YouTube to grasp the fundamentals of DSA. However, while learning DSA is crucial, the real game-changer is practicing questions to cultivate that 'legend-level' confidence needed to tackle any given problem.      Now, here's where the confusion sets in. Y...

      Library management system implementation could be a great assignment/project to polish many different concepts in C++. Here we have implemented the library management using structures like linked lists but in a two-dimensional manner. This does not use any database, but the concepts can be extended to a database instead. This implementation is perfect for college/university assignments, and personal project purposes.      This program in C++ uses many different concepts of Programming such as - Object-oriented programming, Linked list, Pointers, Complex data structures etc.      The problem statement for this Program may be -  " In a library, for each book book-id, serial number (denotes copy number of a book), title, author, publisher and price are stored. Book-id and serial number together will be a unique identifier for a book. Members are either students or faculty. Each member has a unique member-id. Name, e-mail and address a...

          A very well known synchronization problem in the study of Operating System is the Producer-Consumer Problem. Any new synchronization technique should be able to solve this problem. This problem may be solved using one of the software synchronization tools called - Semaphore.  Problem :   There is a shared buffer, a Producer and a Consumer. The buffer is used for putting any new item produced by the Producer. Consumer consumes items from the buffer. Now, the problem is - as the buffer is shared and two processes are accessing the buffer simultaneously, there may be inconsistency of data. So we need a synchronization method , such that, the storing of item within buffer by Producer, and the accessing of items from buffer by Consumer is synchronized, so that buffer data remains consistent. To achieve this we must ensure that -     Only one process at a time should access the buffer.     Producer can't produce if buffer i...

What is draggable element in a website ?     A draggable element refers to a HTML element in a webpage which you can move by dragging through the mouse pointer to any position on the screen. You may have seen draggable elements in webpages in the form of Contact form, or Live chat, or Menus etc. What is the need of draggable elements in webpage ?     The main need behind a draggable element in a website is users' interaction, which leads to good user experience and better connection of your site with the user.       Indirectly, it helps to increase view time of your site. Also a draggable element is easy to access from every page, you need not to go to other page to use that. That's why, it is very useful to put your business products in a draggable element, so that audience can easily interact. You can think of many such possibilities of using a draggable element. How to create a draggable element ?     Firstly and obviously, you need t...

           Today let's see how to create a random joke generator which will basically fetch the data from a free API. My main target is to show how to use API and put the data in HTML using javaScript.      Today we will use JokeApi website -  https://sv443.net/jokeapi/v2/  . You can read the documentation from here. We will send an fetch request to -  https://v2.jokeapi.dev/joke/Any?blacklistFlags=racist,sexist&type=single&idRange=0-319  . You can get this type of URL from JokeApi and any free API. You can replicate the same process for other APIs as well.      When we send request to this URL of the API, it will send back a response which is transformed into JSON format in JavaScript. Let's have a look on the sample JSON data -  { "error": false, "category": "Pun", "type": "single", "joke": "I bought some shoes from a drug dealer. I don't know what he laced them with, but ...

What is Android ?        Android is a mobile operating system based on the modified version of linux operating system. In latest of 2021 the number of active android users in the world is about 131.2 million. Android is mainly for touchscreen mobile devices. These days, people are more engaged on their mobiles. They depend a lot on the android apps in their day to day life. Literally, android is nowadays a daily need of people. What is Android Development ?     Android development is the process to develop application for android OS. These are the apps which we find in the Google Play Store. As their is a strong user-base for android, their is a very much possibility for you to get success as an Android Developer. Their are several ways by which you can develop android apps, more specifically their are several Programming Languages and Frameworks to develop android apps. I will introduce them one by one -  1. Java :      Until now f...

  What is a PHP ide or PHP code editor:     PHP is a very popular backend web development programming language of all time. PHP is a very nice web application development language. A code editor is a software which helps us to write, understand and debug code faster. In the same manner, a PHP ide(integrated development environment) or PHP text editor helps us to do various stuffs with PHP code faster, which in return improves our productiveness in developing PHP web application. Every PHP editor automatically highlight syntax  of our PHP code and auto complete our code which gives us tremendous speed in development process. With that being said let's see the 5 best free PHP ide for your smooth workflow. 1. Eclipse :     Eclipse is a free PHP code editor, which you can use so easily in your day to day PHP development. It supports various color themes for you to write your code in your comfortable way. You can check their documentation and download the IDE fr...

            Today in this post I will share with you how to create a floating WhatsApp call to action button for your website. This call to action button will help your website visitors to send you a message through WhatsApp instantly from any page of your site. This button will float at any position of your website viewport as you wish, maybe in the bottom left or bottom right etc. Benefits of WhatsApp CTA button If your website has a WhatsApp CTA button, website visitors will be able to contact you easily whenever they want and it also gives your website a nice look.  Coding for WhatsApp CTA button Let's begin the coding part. In this case to get the WhatsApp icon we will use the font awesome. So at the very beginning let's paste the font awesome CDN link in the head section of your webpage. The CDN link is given below. <link crossorigin="anonymous" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.0.0-beta2/css/all.min.css" integrity=...

      Let's see how to generate random gradient background using JavaScript. This is very simple. We will use Math.random() of JavaScript to generate any random value we want to generate. We will have some functions in JavaScript :  1) randomElement() : To generate a random value between 0 to f or the hexadecimal digits. 2) randomColor() : To generate a random Hex color. 3) randomAngle() : To generate a random angle between 0 to 360. 4) applyBg() : To apply the background gradient to a particular element. Now , Let's see the live preview of our project. Change Background Let's understand in short how is it generating random gradient everytime. We have an inbuilt function in JavaScript called Math.rand() which generates random fraction value between 0 to 1. So if I multiply that with any number N and floor or round off the value, it will output any random value between 0 to N in integer format. This concept we have used here.  To g...

      If you are working with PHP you may have faced a problem that whenever the CSS is being updated the new styles are not shown in the PHP page. This happens due to some caching problems. In this situation you have to hard reload the CSS each time page is refreshed. Normally, you have already included the CSS like this:  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />     But to hard reload the CSS and make the styles work every time you update the CSS file, you have to include the PHP code after CSS file name with ?v=  <?php echo date('his'); ?> . So the final structure will be like:  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css?v=<?php echo date('his'); ?>" /> Hope, you understand the solution. If you have any opinion, doubt or suggestion make a comment below. Also mention your country name in the comments, I am curious!! Ok, have a good day , Byee..

            What are URL parameters ? Let's say one URL of a site is like -   https://www.example.com/users?name=John&id=23 In this URL we can see that some parameters are passed as arguments at the end like (name=John and id=23) . This means that this particular URL is trying to do something with John of id 23. Now, let's say you are the host of this site. How can you GET these parameter values which are being opened by a user. To make it simple, suppose your website provides data for some names with ids. The data which you will show in your website depends on this parameters provided on the URL. Today, we will learn how to fetch them using JavaScript .      Let's fix a goal that whatever parameters of name and id value are in the URL we are to print them on the webpage. In this case, we will print John and 23 on the webpage. So, let's begin.          In JavaScript, window.location returns the ...